Bamwe bumva arinzozi , abandi bakumvako bitashoboka! Ese koko gutuza abantu ku mibumbe igaragiye inyenyeri bizashoboka?
Bamwe bumva arinzozi , abandi bakumvako bitashoboka! Ese koko gutuza abantu ku mibumbe igaragiye inyenyeri bizashoboka?
Imwe mu nyigo zikomeje kuraza ishinga abenshi mu bashakashatsi bibanda ku byo mu Isanzure, ni ukumenya niba hari ahandi hantu ubuzima bwa muntu bushoboka hatari ku Isi, ku buryo yazahimukira mu myaka iri imbere.
Inyigo ziracyakorwa ku mibumbe nka Mars bivugwa ko ubuzima kuri uwo mubumbe utukura bwashobokaga mbere y’imyaka miliyari 3.6, mbere y’uko ikirere cyawo (atmosphere) gihindukaga kibi, amazi yaho nayo agakama yose.
Gusa abashakashatsi baracyafite icyizere ko kuri Mars “kuhaba birashoboka”. Inyigo nk’iyo irakorwa no ku Ukwezi ariko yo nta cyizere itanga.
Ni mu gihe umubumbe wa Gliese 12 b uherutse kuvumburwa hakemezwa ko ufite byinshi uhuriraho n’Isi, gusa haracyigwa uko ikirere cyawo kimeze, ibintu bizatwara igihe kinini kuko uri mu ntera ya kilometero miliyari 400 uvuye ku Isi.
Kuri ubu abashakashatsi bagiye no kugaragaza ingano y’icyizere cy’uko ubuzima bwa muntu bushoboka ku mibumbe igaragiye inyenyeri (exoplanets). Hazibandwa ku ziri hafi y’Isi.
Ni inyigo yatangiye gukorwa n’abashakashatsi b’Ikigo gishinzwe iby’Isanzure muri Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, NASA, bafatanyije n’ab’Urwego rushinzwe Isanzure mu Bumwe bw’u Burayi, ESA.
Bazifashisha ibipimo by’ ubukana bw’imirasire (X-rays and ultraviolet light) y’inyenyeri iyo mibumbe igaragiye, bemeze niba hari icyizere cy’uko abantu bashobora kuba kuri iyo mibumbe cyangwa batahaba.
Iyo imirasire y’inyenyeri igeze ku kirere (atmosphere) cy’umwe mu mibumbe iyigaragiye ifite ubukana bwinshi iracyangiza. Icyo gihe biba bisobanuye ko umuntu adashobora kuba kuri uwo mu bumbe kuko mu bituma Isi iba ahantu heza ho gutura, harimo kuba ikirere cyayo gikingira abantu kugerwaho n’ibyabahungabanya biturutse mu Isanzure.
Breanna Binder wigisha muri California State Polytechnic University akaba n’umuyobozi w’itsinda ry’abashakashatsi bakora iyo nyigo, asobanura ko badashingiye ku mirasire ituruka ku nyenyeri iyo mibumbe igaragiye, baba babura ikintu cy’ingenzi mu kuba bahamya niba mu by’ukuri gutura kuri iyo mibumbe bishoboka cyangwa bidashoboka.
Ati “Dukeneye kumenya neza ngo ni ubuhe bwoko bw’imirasire iyo mibumbe yakira.”
Abo bashakashatsi bamaze kwiga inyenyeri 57 zegereye Isi, basesengura urumuri rwazo n’ingufu z’imirasire yazo.
Sarah Peacock nawe uri mu itsinda ry’abari gukora iyo nyigo, yagize ati “Tumaze kubona inyenyeri zifite imirasire wavuga ko aho yerekeza hashobora guturwa n’abantu, kuko imeze nk’iyazaga ku Isi yagiye ihinduka. Iyo miterere ishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu gutuma aho imirasire yerekeza haba hari ikirere cyiza nk’icy’Isi.”
Nubwo imibumbe 57 ari yo bimaze kwemezwa ko ishobora guturwaho n’abantu, abo bashakashatsi bemeza ko bishoboka cyane kuba hari indi myinshi imeze nk’iyo bamaze kubona nubwo batarayikorera inyigo neza.
Basobanura ko bamaze kuvumbura imibumbe 5,500, ariko hari igenzura ririmo gukorwa rishobora kuzerekana indi igera ku bihumbi 10.
Edward Schwieterman, umwarimu muri Kaminuza ya California nawe uri gukora kuri iyo nyigo, yahamije ko bataramenya neza ingano y’imibumbe bazavumbura ifite imiterere ijya kumera nk’iy’Isi, ariko ko igihe cyo gukora igenzura kizagaragaza byinshi.
Ati “Aya makuru ku mirasire arafasha kumenya aho kwibanda cyane, kandi ashobora kuzatuma ifoto ya mbere y’umubumbe umeze nk’Isi iboneka vuba.”
Nubwo abahanga mu by’Isanzure bibanda cyane ku kureba niba ikirere cy’iyo mibumbe cyabasha kurinda abantu kugerwaho n’ingaruka z’ibiva mu isanzure mu gihe baba bayituyeho, amazi nayo yakomeje kuba ikibazo kuko hari imibumbe bigaragara ko ifite ikirere kidateje ikibazo cyane, ariko ugasanga nta mazi ahaba. Ibyo bituma icyizere cyo kuyituzaho umuntu kigabanuka.
